Contribution of blood phosphate esters to the blood saccharoid fraction of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes or treated with insulin or epinephrine.

Nonglucose reducing substances in blood Constitute the “saccharoid fraction,” which increases both in hyperand hypoglycemia. The phosphate esters, including weak-acid phosphates and fructose-i ,6-diphosphate, constitute 14 to 25% of the saccharoid fraction in whole blood, 2 to 9% in plasma, and 24 to 35% in erythrocytes of normal rats treated with insulin or epinephrine and of alloxan diabetic rats treated with insulin. Glutathione, glucuronic acid, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and creatinine (reported earlier) and the phosphate esters (reported here) altogether account for 75 to 100% of the saccharoid fraction under the experimental conditions used, except in the alloxan-diabetic rats, where on the fourth day of alloxan treatment a larger proportion was unaccounted for. The dynamic character of the saccharoid fraction is probably due to the evanescent nature of these phosphate esters.